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My academic journey explores the structure and dynamics of social exclusion based on racial and ethnic inequalities within the capitalist world-economy. 

Nepantla of social sciences, I strive to integrate my academic interests under three distinct yet interrelated themes: first. protest waves: ethnic, racial, and nationalist mobilizations and violence; second, urban politics and activism: institutionalization of social exclusion; and third, racial capitalism: anti-Asian racism, racialization, and ethnonationalism.

In my research on protest waves in the global South, I explore the world-historical trajectory of antisystemic movements and struggles in the global South during the period of U.S. hegemony. Along with the journal articles and book chapters published from my dissertation project, I am currently preparing a monograph manuscript titled "The Age of Protest: World-Historical Structure and Dynamics of Protest Waves in the Global South in the Long Twentieth Century."

My most recent research focuses on the relations between racialization and ethnonationalism as a process of social exclusion. Based on my investigation of the experiences of Korea Americans facing anti-Asian violence and racism during the pandemic, my new research project explores how a resurgence of nationalism and racism reproduces different forms of racialization and social exclusion.

This study investigates how Korean immigrants redefine their national and ethnic identities within a lasting racial and ethnic hierarchy structure through the processes of racial/ethnic inclusion and exclusion and how they transmit transnational racialization within the global political economy.

My investigation will contribute to the debates about how minority groups can normalize racialization and social exclusion in their praxis as offenders vis-à-vis defenders on racism.